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Ghana

Ghana Mobile Money Interoperability (MMI)

Scheme name: Ghana Mobile Money Interoperability (MMI)

IIPS Type: Mobile money

Instruments: Credit EFT, E-money

Channels: Agent, Branch, USSD, App, Browser, QR

Use cases: Transfers & remittances (P2P), Merchant payments (P2B), Social disbursements (G2P), Inventory & business services (B2B), Salaries & wages (B2P)

Inclusivity level: Progressed

Year of establishment: 2015

System owner: GhIPSS (owned by Bank of Ghana)

Overseer: Bank of Ghana

Operator: GhIPSS

Total Participants: 6

Volumes 2023: 171,299,882

Values 2023: 2,387,719,079 USD

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CategoryGhana Mobile Money Interoperability (MMI)
Geographic reachDomestic
Geographic descriptionGhana
Scheme governanceGhIPSS
Settlement agentBank of Ghana
Participants - commercial banks0
Participants - MMOs6
Participants - non-bank PSPs0
Participants - MFIs0
Volumes 2019804,356
Volumes 202043,943,434
Volumes 2021121,588,625
US$ Exchange Rate 30 April13.5739
Values 201917,160,936 USD
Values 2020432,212,832 USD
Values 20211,522,984,516 USD
Values 20221,946,179,053 USD
Values 2023 not-on-us transactions (US$)2,387,719,079 USD
Values 2023 on-us transactions (US$)N/A
Total value of instant payment transactions 2023 (US$)2,387,719,079 USD
Interoperability arrangementPayment system operator
Ownership modelRegulator-owned
Governance TypologyCentral bank
Scheme rules shared or publically available?No
Messaging standardISO 8583; Proprietary
Types of proxy IDsMobile phone number; QR code
Use of open APIsYes
QR code standard N/A
Pro-poor governanceYes
CB governance involvementYes
Expanded use CasesNo
Minimum channel functionalityYes
Minimum use case functionalityYes
All licensed PSPs can participate (all-to-all interoperability)Yes
RecourseNo
Not-for-lossYes
StatusReached progressed level, potential for mature level
Strengths/driversFulfilment of progressed criteria as well as a already fulfilling the not-for-loss business model provides a good base to reach mature level.
Areas of developmentAreas of development include expanding further use cases (P2G and P2B bill), as well as consumer recourse requirements, to fulfill mature level.

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